Tiny particles called exosomes released by most human cells may be promising targets for diagnosis and treatment of an array of diseases from cancer to Alzheimer's, but scientists have struggled to see them and study them in detail.
About Exosomes:
They are small extracellular vesicles secreted by cells.
They are enclosed by a lipid bilayer membrane, similar to the cell membrane.
They are naturally produced by almost all cells in the body and are packed with a cargo of proteins, lipids, RNAs, and various signalling molecules.
In many ways, they reflect the status of their parent cell, passing on that "information" to nearby cells.
They mediate the exchange of substances between cells, thereby affecting the biological properties and activities of recipient cells.
They play significant roles in intercellular communication, immune response modulation, and the transfer of genetic materials.
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