About Karan Fries
- It is developed by the National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI) in Karnal, Haryana.
- It is a cross between indigenous Tharparkar cows and Holstein-Friesian bulls.
- The synthetic Karan Fries cow breed combines high productivity with resilience, delivering peak daily milk yields of up to 46.5 kg.
About Vrindavani
- It is developed by ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh.
- It is a blend of exotic breeds - Holstein-Friesian, Brown Swiss, and Jersey - with the indigenous Hariana cattle.
Key facts about Indian Council of Agricultural Research
- It is an autonomous organisation under the Department of Agricultural Research and Education (DARE), Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare.
- It is the apex body for coordinating, guiding, and managing research and education in agriculture, including horticulture, fisheries, and animal sciences, throughout the country.
- History: Formerly known as the Imperial Council of Agricultural Research, it was established on 16 July 1929 as a registered society under the Societies Registration Act, 1860, in pursuance of the report of the Royal Commission on Agriculture.
- Headquarters: New Delhi.
