Public Issue of shares

About Public Issue of shares:

• When a company raises funds by selling or issuing its equity shares to the public through an offer document, it is called a public issue.
  • Initial Public Offerings (IPO): IPO is a type of issue where an unlisted company raises capital by making a fresh issue of securities or offering its existing securities for sale to the public for the first time.
  • Further Public Offer (FPO) / Follow-on Public Offer (FPO): When a listed company wants additional capital, it makes either a fresh issue of securities or an offer for sale of existing securities to the public it is called a Follow-on Public Offer (FPO).
  • Offer for Sale (OFS):
    • Institutional investors like venture funds, private equity funds etc., invest in a company at its nascent stage.
    • Once the company grows bigger, these investors sell their shares to the public through the issue of an offer document and subsequently, shares get listed on the stock exchange.
    • Offer for sale (OFS) is also a special mechanism through which the promoters can sell their stake in the market.
    • Only promoters or shareholders holding more than 10% of the share capital in a company can come up with such an issue.
    • Both retail and institutional investors can invest in an OFS and buy shares of the Company.