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Key Facts about Sulawesi Island

March 1, 2026

In a limestone cave on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi, a hand stencil has been dated to at least 67,800 years ago, making it the oldest known example of rock art currently identified anywhere in the world.

About Sulawesi Island:

  • Sulawesi, formerly known as Celebes, is a large island in Southeast Asia, in the Indonesian archipelago.
  • It sits centrally within the Indonesian archipelago.
  • It is part of the island chain known as the Greater Sunda Islands.
  • Makassar is the largest city on the island.
  • The island is surrounded on all sides by other big islands: Borneo to the west, the Philippines to the north, the Maluku Islands to the east, and Flores and Timor to the south.
  • The island is highly mountainous, with some active volcanoes.
  • The highest peak on the island of Sulawesi is Ratenkombola, which is also known simply as Mario.
  • Sulawesi is known for its rainforests, which once covered the entire island until human activity led to mass deforestation.
  • A large number of the species are endemic to the island.
  • The island contains thirteen freshwater lakes, including the deepest lake, Matano, in Southeast Asia.
  • It has several remarkable prehistoric cave paintings depicting ancient hunts and animal life.
  • Seven major ethnic groups inhabit Sulawesi: the Toala, Toraja, Buginese, Makassarese, Minahasan, Mori, and Gorontalese.

 

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