Scientists designed a study to understand how changing lifestyles influence the gut microbiome across different cultural, dietary, and ecological settings and to generate a comprehensive microbiome resource representing the diversity of South Asia.
About Gut Microbiome:
It is a community of microorganisms which includes bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites residing in the gastrointestinal tract.
It plays a crucial role in digestion, nutrient absorption, and immunomodulation, while also maintaining a symbiotic relationship with the host.
Humans acquire Gut microbiomes through:
Initially acquired during infant stage during vaginal delivery or breastfeeding.
Later diet and other environmental exposuresintroduce new microbes to human biome.
Key Functions of Gut microbiome:
Digestion and Nutrient Extraction: The gut microbiota exists symbiotically within the human digestive system and helps support energy harvesting, digestion, and immune defense.
Gut Barrier: They help maintain your gut barrier, keeping the bacteria and bacterial toxins inside from escaping into your bloodstream.
They also have anti-inflammatory properties to gut.
Synthesis of Essential Vitamins: It can synthesise several vitamins that are crucial for human health.
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