Answer: 

Globalization is the term for the increasing interdependence of the populations, economies, and cultures around the world. Globalization has impacted every aspect of life. Some of its impacts can be seen on the vulnerable sections of society. 

Positive impact of globalization on vulnerable sections: 

• Increased employment opportunities: Globalization has led to the growth of the manufacturing and service sectors, creating employment opportunities for many low-skilled workers. This has benefited vulnerable sections of society, such as women and rural communities. 
• Access to education and healthcare: Globalization has improved access to education and healthcare for vulnerable sections of society. The growth of the knowledge economy has led to the expansion of education and healthcare services in urban and rural areas. 
• Reduction in poverty: The growth of the Indian economy, driven by globalization, has led to a reduction in poverty levels in the country. This has benefited vulnerable sections of society, such as low-income groups, who have been lifted out of poverty by the economic growth. 
• Access to technology: Globalization has brought about a technological revolution in India, which has benefited vulnerable sections of society by providing access to new technologies, such as mobile phones and the internet. This has enabled them to access information, connect with others, and engage in economic activity. 
• Empowerment of women: Globalization has contributed to the empowerment of women in India by creating opportunities for education and employment. Women have become more visible in the workforce and have been able to challenge traditional gender roles and norms. 

Negative impact of globalization on vulnerable sections: 

• Increased inequality: Globalization has led to an increase in inequality in India. The benefits of economic growth have been concentrated in the hands of a few, leading to widening income and wealth disparities.  
• Exploitation of labor: The growth of the manufacturing and service sectors has created new employment opportunities, but it has also led to the exploitation of labor. Many workers in these sectors are employed under poor working conditions and receive low wages.  
• Environmental degradation: The rapid industrialization and urbanization brought about by globalization have led to severe environmental degradation in India. This has disproportionately affected vulnerable sections of society, such as the poor and marginalized communities who are more likely to live in areas with poor environmental conditions.  
• Isolation of the Elderly:  Elderly population suffering from isolation, powerlessness and depression because of nuclear families, which is the result of globalization. 

Measures to navigate the challenges posed by globalization: 

• Inclusive Policies: Formulate policies that prioritize the interests of vulnerable sections, ensuring that they are not left behind in the globalization process. 
• Skill Development: Establish skill enhancement programs targeted at vulnerable groups, aligning their capabilities with the demands of evolving job markets. 
• Labor Rights: Strengthen labor laws and enforcement mechanisms to safeguard the rights and dignity of vulnerable workers, particularly in industries with global supply chains. 
• Social Safety Nets: Expand and strengthen social protection programs to provide a safety net for vulnerable populations during economic transitions and uncertainties. 
• Sustainable Development: Promote sustainable economic practices that consider the social and environmental impacts on vulnerable populations. 
• Health and Education: Enhance access to quality healthcare and education for vulnerable sections, ensuring they can fully participate in the opportunities created by globalization. 

Thus, while globalisation might have brought several benefits to India, it has also had negative impacts on vulnerable sections of society. It is important to address these negative impacts through policies and measures that promote inclusive and sustainable development.