Mains Daily Question
Dec. 27, 2023
Q.2) Explain the numerous aspects of Indian secularism. Also, Discuss how Indian secularism is distinct from western secularism. (10M/150W)
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Approach to the answer: Understanding and structuring the answer: Question has two main heading: Numerous aspects of Indian secularism and difference between Indian and western secularism. Introduction: Type 1: Start by defining Secularism; or Type 2: Mention the importance of secularism Body: Heading 1: Numerous aspects of Indian secularism: Write various distinct aspects of Indian secularism like mutual respect etc. Heading 2: Difference between Indian and western Secularism: Write differences between Indian and western secularism Conclusion: Type 1: Give a futuristic conclusion as how secularism should further be enhanced and strengthened. Type 2: Give way ahead by giving a balanced view followed by a positive conclusion |
Answer: Secularism means separation of religion from political, economic, social and cultural aspects of life, religion being treated as a purely personal matter. However, Indian secularism is a unique concept that has evolved over time and is rooted in the country's diverse religious, cultural, and social fabric.
Numerous aspects of Indian Secularism:
- Mutual respect: As per Dr. Radhakrishnan, Indian philosophy of secularism is related to “Sarva Dharma Sambhava” a upanishadic dictum. Thus, there exists mutual respect for all religions.
- For example, Ajmer Sharif Dargah in Rajasthan, which is a shrine dedicated to the Sufi saint Moinuddin Chishti, is visited by people of all faiths.
- Firmly rooted in India’s unique circumstances: Indian secularism owes its origin from India’s social-cultural and historical paradigm. India’s remarkable religious diversity and deeply religious nature of Indian shaped the Indian secularism.
- State neutrality: Indian secularism requires the state to remain neutral towards all religions and to not interfere in religious matters. This means that the state cannot promote or favour any religion, nor can it discriminate against any religion.
- For example, Haj subsidy and maintenance of Hindu temples by state.
- Protection of minority rights: Indian secularism emphasizes the protection of minority rights. State ensures that minorities enjoy the same rights and opportunities as the majority community.
- For example, India has dedicated body i.e., National Commission for Minorities for protection of minority rights.
Difference between Indian and western Secularism:
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Western secularism |
Indian Secularism |
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It embodies a negative concept of secularism, i.e., strict separation between religion and state. |
It embodies a positive concept of secularism, i.e., equal respect for all religions or equal protection of all religions. |
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It holds the principle of strict neutrality i.e., non-interference in the affairs of each other. |
It holds the principle of ‘Principled distance’ i.e., interference of the State as and when required to uphold the Constitutional values |
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No public policy can be solely based on religion, as religion is completely a private matter. |
Public policies will also be made on religious issues if there is a need to do so. |
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A single unified code of law is used to dispense justice regardless of religious background. |
Certain personal laws of different religious boards are also considered while dispensing justice. |
Indian secularism is like a beautiful tapestry, where different religions are woven together in equality and harmony. It is unique in its approach, respecting each religion while keeping the state separate. This allows everyone to freely practice their beliefs without discrimination. Indian secularism celebrates diversity, protecting minority rights and fostering unity. It is a masterpiece of religious tolerance and inclusivity, making India a shining example of coexistence.
