About Dal Lake:

• It is an urban freshwater lake located in Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir.
• It is surrounded by the Pir Panjal mountains.
• It is integral to tourism and recreation in Kashmir and is named the “Jewel in the crown of Kashmir” or “Srinagar’s Jewel”.
• It is the second-largest lake in Jammu and Kashmir after the Wular Lake.
• It is one of the world’s largest natural lakes and also known as the Lake of Flowers.
• The lake gets its water mainly from the Telbal stream. This stream flows from the Jhelum River.
• The wetland is divided by causeways into four basins: Gagribal, Lokut Dal, Bod Dal, and Nagin (although Nagin is also considered an independent lake).
• Lokut-dal and Bod-dal each have an island in the centre, known as Rup Lank (or Char Chinari) and Sona Lank, respectively.
• The floating gardens, locally known as “Rad,” are a spectacular highlight of the lake.
  • These are patches of land that float on the water.
  • Farmers grow vegetables and flowers on them.
  • It blossoms with lotus flowers during July and August.
• It is also popular for the floating market, where vendors have their own Shikaras/wooden boats and approach tourists.

About e-Sushrut@Clinic:

• It provides a lightweight, cloud-based Hospital Management Information System (HMIS) for outpatient clinics.
• This government-backed HMIS is designed specifically for small and medium healthcare providers, including general practitioners, specialists, clinic administrators, pharmacists, and lab technicians.
• It can also be used by allied health workers and staff for administrative tasks.
• The platform includes modules for outpatient management, pharmacy, and nursing, and is designed to digitise patient records, prescriptions, and billing.
• It marks a pivotal step in expanding the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM)
• Features:
  • Any healthcare provider can onboard it from his/her laptop/mobile on a webpage through their Health Facility Registry (HFR) and Health Professionals Registry (HPR).
  • If the healthcare provider is not registered on HFR/HPR, they would be able to register on eSushrut@Clinic itself.
  • The platform enables small clinics, sub-centres, and medium-sized hospitals to digitize patient records, prescriptions, and billing with minimal technical overhead.
  • The system supports both online and offline functionalities for seamless clinic operations.
  • It delivers essential functionalities at a low per-user cost.
  • The system also integrates several services from the ABDM, including the AIIMS Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) for hypertension and diabetes, which are provided free of charge for all ABDM-integrated software.
    • This CDSS helps improve patient care by supporting doctors in making better diagnoses and treatment.

About Bharat Taxi:

• Bharat Taxi is India’s first cooperative-led, driver-owned, ride-hailing platform registered under the Multi-State Cooperative Societies Act, 2002.
• It is a government-supported initiative developed under the Union Ministry of Cooperation and the National e-Governance Division (NeGD).
• It differs from private ride-hailing platforms by treating drivers as “Sarathis” and making them shareholders in the cooperative instead of merely service providers.
• Developed by Sahkar Taxi Cooperative Limited, Bharat Taxi is backed by eight major cooperative institutions -- NCDC, GCMMF (Amul), NDDB, NAFED, IFFCO, KRIBHCO, NABARD, and NCEL.
• Features:
  • Driver-Owned Fleet: Drivers can purchase shares and become cooperative members, giving them transparency and decision-making power.
  • Zero Commission: Unlike private cab aggregators that take a large cut, Bharat Taxi transfers the full fare to the driver.
  • Transparent, No-Surge Pricing: Fares will remain predictable, with no surge charges.
  • Platform Integration & Technical Architecture: Integration of the Bharat Taxi platform with national digital platforms such as DigiLocker, UMANG, and API Setu.
  • Security, Compliance & Infrastructure: Ensuring adherence to Government of India’s data protection norms and cybersecurity standards and advising on robust technical infrastructure.
  • Bharat Taxi would provide support to Sarathis through loans, insurance, and business expansion opportunities.

About FP-5 Flamingo Missile:

• It is a long-range, ground-launched cruise missile developed by Ukrainian defense company Fire Point.
• It entered service in 2025.
• Features:
  • It has a reported 6-meter wingspan, and an estimated length of 12-14 meters excluding the pitot tube.
  • It is designed to deliver a specified combat payload of up to 1150 kg to strike ground targets with fixed topographic coordinates at a range of up to 3000 km, both day and night.
  • It is designed for low-altitude flight to avoid detection.
  • It reaches a maximum speed of up to 950 km/h, with a cruising speed of 650 to 700 km/h.
  • The missile is capable of hitting a target even under conditions of active electronic interference.
  • It stands out for its ease of use and low cost.
  • It does not require expensive launch platforms—its launchers are reusable, making deployment more economical.

About New GI-Tagged Tribal Crops of Madhya Pradesh:

• The four crops recognised are Sitahi Kutki (Sitahi Minor Millet), Nagdaman Kutki (Nagdaman Minor Millet), Baigani Arhar (Baigani Pigeon Pea) and Chhatriya Dhan (Chhatriya Paddy).
• These crops have been traditionally preserved for generations, particularly by the Baiga tribe from the Dindori region of Madhya Pradesh.
• Sitahi and Nagdaman Kutki:
  • They are highly nutritious minor millets, rich in dietary fiber, minerals and antioxidants, making them health-promoting.
  • These two specific varieties are inherently climate-resilient.
• Baigani Arhar:
  • Deeply integrated with the heritage of the Baiga tribe, this local variety of pigeon pea (toor dal) is completely cultivated using organic, age-old tribal practices.
  • It stands out for having a notably higher natural protein content and a distinct sweet flavor compared to commercial varieties.
  • It has a shorter maturation cycle (5–6 months) and requires significantly less cooking time, retaining its high concentration of dietary fibre, iron, calcium, and B-complex vitamins.
• Chhatriya Dhan:
  • Cultivated across the fertile wetlands of Jabalpur and Katni, this traditional rice variety is historically revered for its hardiness and culinary excellence.
  • It is famous for its distinct aroma, taste, and local adaptability.
  • Unlike heavily processed white rice, Chhatriya Dhan retains its vital bran layer, providing a rich source of vitamin B1 (thiamine), essential minerals, and healthy fats.
  • It offers clean, easily digestible energy with a balanced amino acid profile, making it a wholesome staple.

About Tetrastichus narayandebnathi:

• It is a new species of parasitoid wasp.
• It was discovered in the Rajarhat region of West Bengal.
• It has been named after award-winning cartoonist and creator of 'Batul' and 'Nonte-Phonte', Narayan Debnath.
• It has been recorded as a gregarious primary parasitoid of a tortoise beetle pupa.
  • A parasitoid is an organism that spends a significant portion of its life cycle attached to or inside a single host organism, which it ultimately consumes and kills.
• Not only the third account of the genus Tetrastichus Haliday, 1844, as a parasitoid of Cassidinae (a subfamily of leaf beetles), but it's also the second report from India among 86 valid Indian species.

About Arabithittu Wildlife Sanctuary:

• It is situated in the Mysore District of Karnataka.
• It was a game reserve till 1985, when it was declared a wildlife sanctuary.
• It includes the Arabithittu State Forest.
• Entry to the forest is highly restricted due to the Defense Research Development Organization (DRDO) installations nearby.
• Flora: It has tropical dry deciduous forest and scrubland, surrounded by cultivation and grazing land.
• There is also a large area of eucalyptus and sandalwood plantations located within the sanctuary.
• Other tree species include Ailanthus triphysa, Artocarpus heterophyllus, Anogeissus latifolia, Butea sp.,
• Fauna:
  • Leopard, fox, spotted deer, wild pig, porcupine, hare, and common mongoose are the fauna spotted here.

About Amrabad Tiger Reserve:

• Location: It is located in the Nallamala hills of the Eastern Ghats in Telangana.
• It was originally part of the larger Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve before the bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana in 2014.
• Terrain: The reserve is renowned for its rugged terrain, deep valleys, and dense forests.
• Rivers: The Krishna River and its perennial streams originating within the reserve contribute to the water supply of major reservoirs such as the Srishailam Dam and Nagarjunsagar Dam.
• Tribal Community: The Chenchu tribe is one of the major tribal communities that live in the ATR.
• Flora: 
  • Amrabad is characterized by dry deciduous forests, primarily made up of sal, teak, bamboo, and acacia trees. 
  • The forest is rich in medicinal plants and shrubs, which have long been used by local tribes for traditional remedies.
• Fauna: 
  • It is home to leopards and wild cats, along with herbivores like sambar deer, chital (spotted deer), nilgai (blue bull), wild boar, and the Indian bison (gaur). 
  • Over 303 bird species have been identified in this region. Some important groups include Eagles, Pigeons, Doves, Cuckoos, Woodpeckers, Drongos, etc.

About Colombia

• Location: It is a country located in the northwestern part of South America.
• It is known as the “Gateway of South America”, strategically located in the northwest, connecting South America with Central and North America.
• Bordering Countries: It is bordered by Panama to the northwest; by Ecuador and Peru to the south; by Venezuela to the east, and by Brazil to the southeast.
• Maritime Borders: It is also bounded by the Caribbean Sea in the north and by the Pacific Ocean in the west. 
• It is a member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) from 2020.
• Capital City: Bogotá.
• Geographical Features of Colombia:
  • Climate: The climate is tropical along the coasts and eastern plains, and cooler in the highlands.
  • Highest Peak: Its highest point is Pico Cristobal Colon.
  • Major Rivers: Major rivers include the Magdalena, Amazon, and Orinoco.
  • Natural Resources: It is rich in natural resources like petroleum, natural gas, coal, and gold.